Troops in Afghanistan find cheer with a Yule logon

Saturday, 5 January 2013

Kabul, Jan 5 : Marine Cpl. Brett Bass will do what a lot of American service members hope to this Christmas Day: “I’m going to give myself a gift of not turning on my alarm clock,” he said.

Maj. Bryan Burke will be trying to coax his 4-year-old daughter to say hello in a video chat. Specialist Marshall Little will have worked the graveyard shift as an intelligence analyst, so he’ll still be sleeping when an extravagant Christmas lunch is served at noon. By the time he wakes up, though, it will be morning in America, and he will go online with his wife to open some of the half-dozen presents waiting in his tent.

After more than 11 years of war in Afghanistan, there is still plenty of work to do. But this is the time of year when the tempo of the war slows dramatically. Insurgent attacks drop off as quickly as the snow piles up on mountainsides.

Here at one of Kabul’s main military bases, Camp KAIA, where the International Security Assistance Force Joint Command runs the war’s operational headquarters on the edge of Kabul International Airport, officials have done their best to put a festive face on a dusty and sometimes dreary landscape.

While Afghanistan may sometimes seem like America’s forgotten war — it was scarcely mentioned in the presidential campaigns — soldiers here say they do not feel forsaken. Technology helps, and many here said they would try to have video chats during present-opening time, despite time differences ranging from 9 1/2 to 14 1/2 hours. The military has also tried to create a festive atmosphere offline. Live Christmas trees have been flown in from New York, with a two-story-high one near the passenger terminal and eight-footers in the dining facilities. There is a big inflatable Santa on a roof, and next to the chapel is an inflatable helicopter driven by Santa, with a snowman along for the ride.

For weeks, the base has been deluged with packages, not just from family and friends but also from schools and churches back in the States. Capt. Dan Einert’s church, Beautiful Savior Lutheran in Topeka, Kan., shipped eight boxes full of 20 presents for everyone in his unit; the soldiers opened them at an office party.

“It was a very touching gesture,” Captain Einert said.

Until a week ago, Specialist Monica Martin, an Army mail clerk from Bell, Ga., and the rest of her unit had been handling two tractor-trailer loads of mail a day — more than 5,000 packages daily, not counting cards and letters, on a base with about 5,000 soldiers.

“I’m going to be sleeping all day on Christmas,” she said.

The American dining hall on the base will have a huge selection on Christmas, perhaps with a bit more emphasis on the desserts than usual, and heavy on the pie. The hall will be dressed up, too: two of the Sri Lankan cooks for the contracting company that runs the place carved and painted plastic-foam sleighs, religious figures and reindeer on Christmas Eve. Crepe paper decorations in red and green had been strung (interspersed with “Stop Suicide” stickers, with a base phone number).

When it’s mealtime, 32 generals and other top officers will dish food out to the rank and file. It is an old American military tradition, but not one that allied brass share — or, in some cases, understand.

Still, nine Afghan generals will join the serving line this year, said Maj. Gen. Lawrence D. Nicholson, the deputy chief of staff and one of the servers. They were good sports about it, he said. “A couple of them were, ‘Great, I’m coming,’ ” General Nicholson said. “A couple were: ‘O.K., explain this to me again? We will do what?’ ”

The general knows that Christmases on deployment take a toll; he’s had four, and some here have had more. “This is one of the toughest times of the year,” he said. But he noted at least one upside: “You don’t have to worry about shopping malls.”

Deployed soldiers at bases like this one do have an on-base bazaar, where some can buy presents like Afghan souvenirs and lapis lazuli, rugs and carvings, and pay only United States domestic postal rates to ship them to people at home. Still, most do their shopping entirely online, where, many noted with satisfaction, the wrapping can be done for you.

“When you’re deployed, you make a second family,” said Major Burke, an Air Force officer spending his fourth Christmas away. “You do a lot of things together, and you make friends quickly. Misery loves company, I guess, and in this case you have plenty of company.”

The major said he would try later to talk to his daughters, Reagan, 4, and Ellie, 8 months, over Skype. Reagan has taken to refusing to speak on the phone, he said, but Skype entices her. “The younger one just thinks I’m on television,” he said.

Col. John Wilbourne, an Air Force trainer, is spending his first Christmas away from his family of four, and said he had come to Afghanistan somewhat “disenchanted” by the public mood of uninterest back home. “But I’ve seen the tremendous strides we have taken, and I know it sounds like a public service announcement, but I mean that,” he said. “I believe we’re going to win this.”

On Christmas Eve, he used his iPad to record part of a candlelight service, which included a soldiers’ ensemble of two saxophones, violin, drums and keyboard, as well as a choir to lead the caroling. His wife and mother had organized their relatives and friends to each send him a Christmas ornament, and the ornaments arrived day after day, to add to the tree on his desk.

“It’s been sad this Christmas, but kind of exciting, too,” Colonel Wilbourne said. “My children, they’re 13 and 12. They’re troupers. They miss me a lot, but it makes you feel better when we’re actually doing some good — helps them cope a little better.”

At the candlelight service, the senior chaplain, Col. Rod Lindsay, gave an impassioned sermon, talking about how soldiers are driven to do their work “because someone lit up their life.”

He talked about the soldier’s life as being constantly on guard against darkness, and noted that war zones had no monopoly on it. “There’s a place in Connecticut where the light is very dim,” Colonel Lindsay said. “We don’t have to go all the way to Afghanistan to experience a deep, gloomy, dreary darkness.”

For now, though, they are experiencing it here, and for the most part making the best of it.

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Army to build 'Afghan compound' on Salisbury Plain

Kabul, Jan 5: Compounds designed to replicate Afghan villages are to be built on Salisbury Plain to better prepare troops for deployment.

Defence Infrastructure Organisation (DIO) has been given planning permission to build 50 "simplified structures" at 27 sites on the plain.

The British Army runs major exercises on Salisbury Plain twice a year.

Lt Col Mark Hiskett said he was "delighted" as it would "enhance the realism of exercises for our soldiers".

The DIO has been given permission to install a total of 100 shipping containers with removable hoardings, to replicate Afghan houses.

Wiltshire Council approved the plans on condition the structures are removed by the end of 2015.

The 6m (19 ft) long shipping containers will be used to replicate civilian compounds to allow troops "to rehearse the type of day-to-day operations which they would carry out in Afghanistan".

"We're delighted that planning permission has been secured for the compounds - it means we are able to add to the existing compounds across the plain," said Lt Col Hiskett.

"We cannot replicate Afghanistan on Salisbury Plain, but we can put in place adequate infrastructure to enable essential tactics, tools and techniques to be rehearsed, practiced and perfected."

Work is due to begin on the facilities at the end of January.

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Afghan asylum bids hit 10-year high

Kabul, Jan 5 : More Afghans fled the country and sought asylum abroad in 2011 than in any other year since the start of the decade-long war, suggesting that many are looking for their own exit strategy as international troops prepare to withdraw.

From January to November, more than 30,000 Afghans applied for political asylum worldwide, a 25 percent increase over the same period the previous year and more than triple the level of just four years ago, according to UN statistics ahead of their scheduled publication later this year.

Many Afghans are turning to a thriving and increasingly sophisticated human smuggling industry to get themselves -- or in most cases, their sons -- out of the country. They pay anywhere from a few hundred dollars to cross into Iran or Pakistan to more $25,000 for fake papers and flights to places like London or Stockholm.

Thousands of refugees also return each year, but their numbers have been dwindling as the asylum applications rise. Both trends highlight worries among Afghans about what may happen after 2014, when American and other NATO troops turn security over to the Afghan army and police.

The true numbers of people leaving is likely even higher -- since those who are successfully smuggled abroad often melt into an underground economy. Still, the jump in a rough indicator like asylum seekers suggests the total numbers are also on the rise.

Smuggling people out of Afghanistan and neighboring Pakistan is a $1 billion-per-year criminal enterprise, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime estimates. Those who pay to leave often face a risky journey and detention abroad because many developed countries now see many Afghans who flee as illegal economic migrants, not political refugees.

Still, the business finds an eager clientele in Afghans such as Ahmad, an unemployed 20-year-old in Kabul. He has agreed to pay a smuggler $400 to take him over the Iranian border, where he hopes to find work and save up to move on to Europe in a few years. He has no money, but his smuggler is giving him credit -- he'll have a month to pay up once he's in Iran.

"I don't think anything will improve in three or five years, so it's better to leave now," said Ahmad, who expects to leave for Iran within a few weeks. He asked to be identified only by his first name for fear of being arrested.

Ahmad's family fled to Iran during the Taliban's late 1990s rule and returned full of hope after the regime fell. But now, he sees no future in his homeland.

"If foreign troops leave, the situation will only get worse, not better," he said.

That's a view shared by many. Tajma Kurt, who manages an International Organization for Migration program helping Afghans who have returned home, says she's noticed a marked change in ordinary Afghans' outlook since roughly 2007, when the Taliban insurgency began to gain strength and violent attacks increased.

"Before, they were looking for a job, discussing buying a house or whatever," Kurt said. "Now, they are all thinking of leaving because the situation has deteriorated dramatically and they don't see that it's going to get much better."

Devastated by decades of war, Afghanistan is already the world's biggest source of refugees, with more than 3 million of its total population of 30 million still outside the country, most in Iran and Pakistan, according to the office of the UN High Commissioner of Refugees and the Afghan government.

After the 2001 US-led military intervention that toppled the Taliban, some 5.7 million Afghan refugees returned. The vast majority of those came back in the first five years. The numbers have since dwindled, with about 60,000 refugees returning last year, about half the number as the previous year.

As the pace of returns slowed, the number of Afghans seeking asylum abroad rebounded. In 2011, 30,407 sought asylum through November, the latest available figures.

Driving both trends is not only economic ambition but deep uncertainties about the country's future, says Abdul Samad Hami, deputy minister of Afghanistan's Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation.

"Who knows what happens when foreign troops leave Afghanistan? Is it going to get better or worse? Who knows what happens with the foreign aid to Afghanistan -- going down or increasing?" he said.

Some Afghans fear that once most foreign troops leave, the Taliban will take over more territory and civil war could erupt along ethnic lines, as it did in the 1990s. Others worry the Afghan economy will collapse if foreign aid dries up.

The real number of Afghans leaving is unknown, but undoubtedly higher than the asylum figures. The country's foreign ministry recently said 50,000 Afghans illegally entered Greece in the past two years alone, many of them now stranded without passports or money to move farther into Europe. Most of those arranged their journey with smugglers.

For their money, many endure a perilous journey.

Esmat Adine nearly drowned after the overcrowded boat he was on sank off Indonesia late last year, killing at least 200 fellow asylum-seekers headed for Australia. He says he left his wife and infant son at home in Afghanistan and paid $5,000 to travel to Australia after the Taliban threatened to kill him for working with American aid workers. He flew from Kabul to Dubai, then boarded a plane to Jakarta, Indonesia. From there, he was taken to eastern Java and was packed onto the doomed boat.

When the vessel capsized, Adine managed to survive by swimming to a nearby island.

"I swam and swam until I reached the shore," Adine, 24, said in an Indonesian detention center, where he is awaiting a ruling on his legal status. "I thought of how my wife and children are counting on me, of how I must earn a good life in Australia, free from intimidation."

He says he still hopes to be able to enter Australia and send for his family.

Australia has vowed to crack down on asylum-seekers but has been forced to relax a policy of mandatory detention because its detention camps are dangerously overcrowded.

Hami, the Afghan refugee official, says the country has come a long way and if the transition goes smoothly, fewer people will want to leave. But he conceded that depends on whether the government can provide security and jobs.

"If the situation gets worse, people will go out. If the situation gets better, people will return."

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Soyuz capsule docks with space Station

Almaty, Jan 5 : A Soyuz capsule packed with three astronauts successfully docked with the International Space Station, taking the size of the full crew at the orbiting laboratory to six.

American Tom Marshburn, Russian Roman Romanenko and Canadian Chris Hadfield traveled two days in the capsule before linking up with the space station's Russian Rassvet research module.

The docking took place around 255 miles (410 kilometers) above the capital of Kazakhstan.

Almost three hours passed before pressure was equalized between the capsule and the space station, allowing for safe entrance.

As the hatches were unlocked, the arriving trio was welcomed by NASA astronaut Kevin Ford and Russian colleagues Oleg Novitsky and Yevgeny Tarelkin.

The six colleagues exchanged hugs and posed for photos as they floated in the weightless atmosphere of the station.

Minutes after entry, Hadfield could be heard saying in English: "I love what you've done with the place."

Hadfield flew to the space station in 2001, when he spent 11 days at the facility and performed two spacewalks. He will take over as the space station's first ever Canadian commander in its fourteen year history when the crew now onboard prepares to leave in March.

Family members spoke for the first since the launch with the astronauts in a linkup from the Korolyov space center outside Moscow.

"It was just a heck of a ride for the three of us. It's like being on a crazy dragster, just a fun, crazy zip up to space," Hadfield said, speaking to his son.

The incoming crew will spend nearly five months at the space station before returning to earth.

Their mission began with a launch from the Russian-leased Baikonur space port in southern Kazakhstan.

The International Space Station is the biggest orbiting outpost ever built and can sometimes be seen from the Earth with the naked eye. It consists of more than a dozen modules built by the U.S., Russia, Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency.

The astronauts will conduct some 50 scientific experiments including a test for a system aimed at predicting natural calamities.

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West Coast girds for more tsunami debris in winter

Los Angeles, Jan 5: Volunteers who patrol California beaches for plastic, cigarette butts and other litter will be on the lookout this winter for flotsam from last year's monstrous tsunami off Japan's coast.

Armed with index-size cards, beachcombers will log water bottles, buoys, fishing gear and other possessions that might have sailed across the Pacific to the 1,100-mile shoreline.

The March 2011 disaster washed about 5 million tons of debris into the sea. Most of that sank, leaving an estimated 1 1/2 million tons afloat. No one knows how much debris — strewn across an area three times the size of the United States — is still adrift.

Tsunami flotsam has already touched the Pacific Northwest and Hawaii this year. The West Coast is bracing for more sightings in the coming months as seasonal winds and coastal currents tend to drive marine wreckage ashore.

Like the past winter, scientists expect the bulk of the debris to end up in Alaska, Washington state, Oregon and British Columbia. Last week, the Coast Guard spotted a massive dock that possibly came from Japan on a wilderness beach in Washington state.

Given recent storm activity, Northern California could see "scattered and intermittent" episodes, said Peter Murphy, a marine debris expert at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which recently received a $5 million donation from Japan to track and remove tsunami debris.

To prepare, state coastal regulators have launched a cleanup project to document possible tsunami items that churn ashore. Working with environmental groups, volunteers will scour beaches with a checklist. It's like a typical beach cleanup, but the focus will be to locate articles from Japan.

Until now, efforts in California have been haphazard. The goal is to organize tsunami debris cleanups at least once every season stretching from the Oregon state line to the Mexican border and then posting the findings online.

Debris from Asia routinely floats to the U.S. It's extremely difficult to link something back to the Japanese tsunami without a serial number, phone number or other marker.

Of the more than 1,400 tsunami debris sightings reported to NOAA, the agency only traced 17 pieces back to the event, including small fishing boats, soccer balls, a dock and a shipping container housing a Harley-Davidson motorcycle with Japanese license plates. No confirmed tsunami debris so far has reached California.

Even in the absence of a direct connection, California coastal managers said it helps to know if a beach is being covered with more marine debris than usual.

"We want to get an idea of where to focus our efforts. We have limited resources," said Eben Schwartz, marine debris program manager at the California Coastal Commission, which heads the $50,000 NOAA-funded project. "If we see the problem is hitting the north coast and not getting as far south as San Francisco, that tells us where to focus."

Last summer, NOAA awarded $250,000 to five West Coast states to help with tsunami debris removal. Alaska spent its share to clean up a 25-mile stretch of beach before the weather turned too bitter. Hawaii and Washington state have yet to dip into their funds.

Oregon racked up $240,000 to remove debris on beaches including a 66-foot dock that broke loose from the port of Misawa during the tsunami and splashed ashore over the summer. Part of the tab — $50,000 — was covered by NOAA.

Charlie Plybon, Oregon's regional manager at the Surfrider Foundation, said the tsunami has raised beachgoers' awareness about marine debris plaguing the world's coastlines.

"There's a bit of tsunami debris fever. It's like an Easter egg hunt," said Plybon, who has been cleaning up the Oregon coast for more than a decade. "People used to walk past debris. Now they want to be engaged."

Health experts have said debris arriving on the West Coast is unlikely to be radioactive after having crossed thousands of miles of ocean. Tsunami waves swamped a nuclear power plant and swept debris into the ocean. The debris field, which once could be spotted from satellite and aerial photos, has dispersed. More than 18,000 residents were killed or went missing.

Volunteer Julie Walters has combed Mussel Rock Beach south of San Francisco for wreckage, but all that's turned up so far are wave-battered boat parts and lumber of unknown origin.

If she did find an object with a direct link, "I would find it quite intriguing that it made this incredible journey across the Pacific," said Walters, a volunteer with the Pacifica Beach Coalition. "It would also sadden me to think of the human tragedy."

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Bears were used in test flights of world’s first supersonic jet bomber

London, Jan 5 : A bear sits in the ejection capsule of a B-58 after successfully returning to the ground. (U.S Air Force video …When the U.S. Air Force was designing its first supersonic jet bomber in the 1950s, it turns out bears were an essential part of the process, helping to test the plane’s new ejection seats during the Cold War, according to i09.com.

The website has put together a summary of the role bears played in testing the supersonic Convair B-58 Hustler. Apparently, because Himalayan and American black bears are reasonably close in size to humans, they were deemed acceptable substitutes, after a team of humans died in an early ejection test.

So, while Chief Warrant Officer E.J. Murray became the first human to successfully eject from a B-58 at nonsupersonic speeds on Feb. 28, 1962, it was a 2-year-old, female black bear that made it into the history books for the first successful supersonic ejection from the aircraft. That occurred about a month later, on March 21.

The bear was ejected from the plane at 35,000 feet above Edwards Air Force Base at a speed of Mach 1.3. It took nearly eight minutes for the capsule containing the bear to reach the ground safely.

Io9 describes the ejection system: “In the new system, a pre-ejection handle yanked the pilot's legs in close and closed a scalloped shell that enclosed him while still allowing rudimentary control of the plane. The actual ejection handle sent the capsule up with a rocket burst, automatically deploying a parachute. The capsule was designed to float, and contained food and survival supplies.”

Statistically, the bears actually fared better than their human counterparts: While a team of humans died in an early ejection test of the B-58, no bears died during the later test runs. However, in an extremely unsettling twist, the bears were euthanized so their bodies could be examined after the ejection tests.

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Hundreds of flights canceled as storm pounds eastern US

Washington, Jan 5 : A powerful winter storm forced the cancellation of about 200 U.S. flights, snarling holiday travel as heavy snow and high winds pummeled the northeastern United States.

The National Weather Service forecast 12 to 18 inches of snow for northern New England as the storm moved northeast out of the lower Great Lakes, where it dumped more than a foot of snow in parts of Michigan.

The storm front was accompanied by freezing rain and sleet. The Ohio River Valley and the Northeast were under blizzard and winter storm warnings.

Snow will fall in northern New York, Vermont and New Hampshire at up to 2 inches an hour, with winds gusting to 30 mph (48 km per hour), the weather agency said.

About 200 U.S. airline flights scheduled were canceled a day ahead of time, according to FlightAware.com, a website that tracks flights.

American Airlines had the most canceled at about 30. A total of about 1,500 U.S. flights were canceled.

New York state activated its Emergency Operations Center to deal with the first major storm of the season.

Governor Andrew Cuomo warned the heads of seven utilities they would be held accountable for their performances. Utilities near New York City were criticized for lingering outages after Superstorm Sandy devastated the region in October.

The storm comes as New York state has seen little snow during autumn and winter. Buffalo, New York, was 23 inches below normal for the season before the storm, said Bill Hibbert, a National Weather Service meteorologist.

"We're short and even this big snow isn't going to make it up for us," he said.

The storm dumped record snow in north Texas and Arkansas before it swept through the U.S. South on Christmas Day and then veered north. The system spawned tornadoes and left almost 200,000 people in Arkansas and Alabama without power.

At least five people were killed in road accidents related to the bad weather, police said.

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NY newspaper's handgun permit map draws criticism

New York, Jan 5: A newspaper's publication of the names and addresses of handgun permit holders in two New York counties has sparked online discussions — and a healthy dose of outrage.

The Journal News, a Gannett Co. newspaper covering three counties in the Hudson Valley north of New York City and operating the website lohud.com, posted a story detailing a public-records request it filed to obtain the information.

The 1,800-word story headlined, "The gun owner next door: What you don't know about the weapons in your neighborhood," said the information was sought after the Dec. 14 school shooting in Newtown, Conn., about 50 miles northeast of the paper's headquarters in White Plains. A gunman killed his mother, drove to an elementary school and massacred 20 first-graders and six adults, then shot himself. All the weapons used were legally owned by his mother.

The Journal News story includes comments from both sides of the gun-rights debate and presents the data as answering concerns of those who would like to know whether there are guns in their neighborhood. It reports that about 44,000 people in Westchester, Putnam and Rockland counties are licensed to own a handgun and that rifles and shotguns can be purchased without a permit.

It was accompanied online by maps of the results for Westchester and Rockland counties; similar details had not yet been provided by Putnam County. A reader clicking on the maps can see the name and address of each pistol or revolver permit holder. Accompanying text states that inclusion does not necessarily mean that an individual owns a weapon, just who obtained a license.

The maps had been shared about 30,000 times on Facebook and other social media.

Most online comments have criticized the publication of the data, and many suggest it puts the permit holders in danger because criminals have a guide to places they can steal guns. Others maintain it tells criminals who does not have a gun and may be easier to victimize, or where to find law enforcement figures against whom they might hold a grudge.

Some responded by publicizing the home addresses and phone numbers of the reporter who wrote the piece, along with other journalists at the paper and even senior executives of Gannett. Many echoed the idea that publicizing gun permit holders' names is tantamount to accusing them of doing something wrong, comparing the move to publishing lists of registered sex offenders.

The Journal News is standing behind the project. It said in the story that it published a similar list in 2006.

"Frequently, the work of journalists is not popular. One of our roles is to report publicly available information on timely issues, even when unpopular," Janet Hasson, president and publisher of The Journal News Media Group, said in an emailed statement. "We knew publication of the database (as well as the accompanying article providing context) would be controversial, but we felt sharing information about gun permits in our area was important in the aftermath of the Newtown shootings."

Roy Clark, a senior scholar at the Poynter Institute, a Florida-based journalism think tank, said publishing the data was "too indiscriminate."

He, too, compared the maps to similar efforts involving sex-offender registries or lists of those arrested for driving under the influence, noting that such a move is usually done to indicate a serious problem that requires a neighbor or parent to maintain vigilance.

"You get the connotation that somehow there's something essentially wrong with this behavior," he said of the gun permit database.

"My predisposition is to support the journalism," Clark said. "I want to be persuaded that this story or this practice has some higher social purpose, but I can't find it."

Also common among the comments on the lohud.com were suggestions about suing the paper for violating permit-holders' privacy rights. Such a move would likely be unsuccessful.

"The media has no liability for publishing public information," said Edward Rudofsky, a First Amendment attorney at Zane and Rudofsky in New York. The issue does present a clash between First and Second amendment rights, he said, but in general, the law protects publishing public information unless the intent was to harm someone.


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Private picture of Mark Zuckerberg's family leaked

Seattle, Jan 5: Even Mark Zuckerberg's family can get tripped up by Facebook's privacy settings.

A picture that Zuckerberg's sister posted on her personal Facebook profile was seen by a marketing director, who then posted the picture to Twitter and her more than 40,000 followers.

That didn't sit well with Zuckerberg's sister, Randi, who tweeted at Callie Schweitzer that the picture was meant for friends only and that posting the private picture on Twitter was "way uncool." Schweitzer replied by saying the picture popped up on her Facebook news feed.

The picture shows four people standing around a kitchen staring at their phones with their mouths open while Mark Zuckerberg is in the background.

Randi Zuckerberg, who used to run Facebook's marketing department and now produces a reality television show, eventually said Schweitzer was able to see the picture because they had a mutual friend. Those tweets have since been taken down.

Schweitzer declined to comment when reached by the media. Randi Zuckerberg didn't reply to a message via Twitter seeking comment.

Randi Zuckerberg used the dustup to write about online sharing etiquette.

"Digital etiquette: always ask permission before posting a friend's photo publicly. It's not about privacy settings, it's about human decency," she posted on Twitter.

But Randi Zuckerberg's comments sparked sharp reactions from people who thought the issue wasn't about etiquette, but rather Facebook's often changing and often confusing privacy settings.

"The thing that bugged me about Randi Zuckerberg's response is that she used her name as a bludgeoning device. Not everyone has that. She used her position to get it taken it down," said Eva Galperin of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy advocacy group in San Francisco.

While Facebook has made improvements in explaining the social network's privacy settings, Galperin said they remain confusing to most people. She added that with people using Facebook as part of their everyday lives, the consequences of fumbling privacy settings can become serious.

"Even Randi Zuckerberg can get it wrong. That's an illustration of how confusing they can be," she said.

The Menlo Park, Calif., company recently announced it is changing its privacy settings with the aim of making it easier for users to navigate them.

The fine-tuning will include several revisions that will start rolling out to Facebook's more than 1 billion users during the next few weeks and continue into early next year.

The most visible change — and perhaps the most appreciated — will be a new "privacy shortcuts" section that appears as a tiny lock at the top right of people's news feeds. This feature offers a drop-down box where users can get answers to common questions such as "Who can see my stuff?"

But Galperin said the incident also illustrates a general concern about Internet privacy. Essentially, she said, if you share information or a photo with your social network, people in your network have the ability to share that with whomever else they choose.

The mobile photo-sharing service Instagram, which is owned by Facebook Inc., had to answer to backlash to privacy concerns recently when new terms of service suggested user photos could be used in advertisements. The company later said it would remove the questionable language.

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Ten-year JGB yields rise to three-month high

Tokyo, Jan 5: Yields on benchmark 10-year Japanese government bonds rose to 0.80 percent, their highest level in three months, on expectations that new Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will push for more aggressive fiscal and monetary policy.

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Maine heating oil prices unchanged for 2 weeks

Augusta, Jan 5 : Maine energy officials say the average statewide price of home heating oil remains unchanged for the second consecutive week.

The Governor's Energy Office says heating oil prices were averaging $3.64 a gallon in its weekly price survey. Rates ranged from a high of $3.88 in eastern Maine to $3.38 in southern and western Maine.

The average price for propane dropped 2 cents from last week, remaining lower than this time a year ago.

Overall, crude oil prices have been trending upward, likely because of factors including U.S. budget negotiations, a weaker dollar and terrorism worries.

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Wheat futures drop 2.4 percent, extending declines

New York, Jan 5 : Wheat prices fell as traders returned to work after the Christmas holiday.

March wheat fell 19.25 cents to $7.7450 a bushel, a decline of 2.4 percent.

Wheat futures have dropped 10 percent since the start of the month, putting wheat on course for its worst monthly performance in more than a year. Wheat slumped earlier in December after the government predicted that U.S. inventories will increase by the end of next year's growing season, in part due to weaker export demand.

Corn and soybeans also dropped. March corn fell 11 cents to $6.9325 a bushel, a decline of 1.6 percent. Soybeans for delivery in March dropped 17.25 cents, or 1.2 percent, to $14.18 a bushel.

Some analysts warned that price movements may have been exaggerated as many market participants were still on vacation.

"Grains are suffering from a case of the holiday blues here," said Sterling Smith, a commodities strategist at Citigroup. "Trading is really quite thin and quiet."

In other commodities trading, metals edged higher as the dollar weakened against a group of currencies.

Gold for February delivery rose $1.20 to $1,660.70 an ounce. Silver for March delivery gained 13.8 cents to $30.035 an ounce and March palladium rose $7.85 to $692.40.

Copper for March delivery advanced 5.15 cents to $3.5975 a pound and platinum was unchanged at $1,534.90 an ounce.

The price of oil rose sharply after a report showed that the U.S. housing market is sustaining its recovery, boosting the outlook for economic growth, which generally boosts energy consumption and lifts prices.

U.S. benchmark crude jumped $2.37, or 2.7 percent, to $90.98 per barrel in thin post-Christmas trading in New York.

Natural gas gained 4.6 cents, or 1.4 percent, to close at $3.3920. Heating oil rose 4.91 cents, or 1.6 percent, to finish at $3.0513 a gallon. Wholesale gasoline rose 6.52 cents, or 2.4 percent, to $2.8158 a gallon.

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These stocks are poised for healthy gains in 2013

London, Jan 5 : "Our biggest liability in the stock market has been the total destruction to confidence," James Paulsen, chief investment strategist at Minneapolis-based Wells Capital Management, which oversees about $325 billion, said in a 12/24/2012 telephone interview with Bloomberg. "There's just so much evidence of this recovery broadening."

The quote above came from a Bloomberg article a friend sent me. The article pointed out two specific examples of stocks that experienced huge gains in 2012. Many investors missed out on a positive year for stocks, yet it's not too late to aim for potential winners for 2013.

Remembering that fear, like its cousin greed, are unhealthy reasons to sit on the sidelines like "deer paralyzed in the headlights," awakened investors are preparing to buy stocks before they move higher.

You don't have to have "confidence" in the stock market to make serious profits. You do need to have insight, understanding, conviction and money invested in specific companies whose shares have exceptional upside potential.

My followers and readers know that I'm a huge proponent of having a "safety net" underneath each individual stock position that we own. It just makes good sense, like buying life insurance or homeowners insurance.

Usually I avoid "penny stocks" like the plague, but I'll start this article with a speculative stock that happens to be up sharply today (December 26). Rite Aid Corp. (RAD) is the nation's third largest drugstore chain behind CVS Caremark (CVS) and Walgreen (WAG).

On December 20th, RAD reported that its out-of-store prescription sales empowered it to earn $60.5 million, or 7 cents per share, in the three months ending December 1. This was a big improvement to the same quarter last year when they reported a loss of $54.5 million, or 6 cents per share.

Rite Aid's business model has improved and investors are starting to notice, said Will Frohnhoefer, an analyst who covers the company for the brokerage BTIG, according to an AP article.

He noted that "... The company, which has a lot of debt, has improved its balance sheet by refinancing and helped its stores with remodeling. The analyst, according to the article, also said Rite Aid has "...benefited from growth in Medicare coverage and the gradual closing of a coverage gap called the doughnut hole in Medicare prescription drug coverage.

"I think it's all dovetailing together in a fairly attractive way for them," Frohnhoefer said. Rite Aid, which has seen its performance improve over the past several quarters, said its revenue slipped in the latest quarter by about 1% to $6.24 billion largely due to increases in generic drugs.

Speculative stocks like RAD could bring speculators a big pay-day if the company were to have another surprisingly good quarter ahead, or if it were acquired by a larger company or an activist investor group. My caveat is to only invest in RAD what you can afford to lose, and consider putting a stealth trailing stop loss in place once you invest.

A safer investment with less speculative risk is MGM Resorts (MGM), a company that owns a list of resort properties that looks like a "who's-who" in the gaming entertainment industry. Names including Bellagio, MGM Grand, Mandalay Bay and The Mirage adorn that list.

In addition to its 51% interest in MGM China Holdings Limited, which owns the MGM Macau resort and casino, the company has significant holdings in gaming, hospitality and entertainment, owns and operates 15 properties located in Nevada, Mississippi and Michigan, and has 50% investments in three other properties in Nevada and Illinois.

One of those investments is CityCenter, an unprecedented urban resort destination on the Las Vegas Strip featuring its centerpiece, ARIA Resort & Casino. Through its hospitality management subsidiary, the company holds a growing number of development and management agreements for casino and non-casino resort projects around the world. Now, let's take a look at the four-year history price chart and RSI.

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VIX jumps near 20 level as stocks fall

New York, Jan 5 : The CBOE Volatility Index surged near the 20 mark yesterday as equity indexes lost ground again.

The S&P 500 was down 6.83 points to 1419.83, finishing the day below its 20-day moving average for the first time in more than a month. It fell below 1417 on the morning selloff, then climbed up to 1424 with about an hour left to trade, but gave up ground into the closing bell. Resistance is at 1448 and support at 1400.

The Nasdaq 100 dropped almost 21 points to 2637.18, a decline of 0.8 percent, the biggest percentage loss among the major indexes. It has closed below its 20-day moving average for the last three sessions. It still has resistance at 2700 and support at 2628, then 2600.

The Russell 2000 declined 5.85 points to end the day at 838.89. The small-tap index closed right at its 10-day moving average and above the 20-day line. It has resistance at last week's highs around 852 and support at 821.

The VIX jumped 1.64 points, or 9.2 percent, to 19.48. That was near the morning high of 19.62. The volatility index is at a huge premium to the 20-day historical volatility for the SPX, which is at 9.6 percent.

The VIX futures were also higher, with the January contracts up 0.80 points to 19.45 and the February futures up 0.60 points to 19.55. This is the flattest term structure we have seen in quite some time. It also means that the structure of the iPath S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures ETN (VXX) won't take a toll on that fund.

The VIX options traded 170,000 contracts, with 106,000 calls. More than 175,000 VXX options changed hands putting it in front of the VIX for the first time in months. It had puts outpacing calls by 2 to 1.

The VVIX Index, which measures the implied volatility of the VIX options, was up 3.25 percent to 92.17.

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Wells Fargo doesn't have to pay clients $203 million

San Francisco, Jan 5 : A US appeals court vacated an injunction and a $203 million restitution order against Wells Fargo & Co (WFC) in consumer litigation over the bank's overdraft policies, according to a ruling issued.

But the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco also found Wells had violated part of California's unfair competition law, and sent the case back to trial court in San Francisco to determine what relief is appropriate.

A spokesman for the bank, Ancel Martinez, said Wells was pleased with the decision. Plaintiff attorney Michael Sobol said he was confident the damages could be reinstated by the lower court judge.

"The misrepresentations found by the district court have been affirmed," Sobol said.

Wells Fargo, prior to April 2001, posted customer debit card purchases to their bank accounts in order of lowest charge to highest, which minimized the number of overdrafts, according to the ruling.

But beginning in April 2001, the bank began posting debit card purchase from highest to lowest, which maximized the number of overdrafts, the 9th Circuit wrote.

A San Francisco federal judge certified a class action on behalf of Wells Fargo customers, who incurred overdraft fees because of high-to-low sequencing. The judge then issued an injunction ordering the bank to cease the practice, as well as a $203 million restitution award.

In its ruling, the 9th Circuit found that federal law preempted part of the California statute on which the injunction was based.

"Federal law does not, however, preempt California consumer law with respect to fraudulent or misleading representations concerning posting," the court wrote.

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Vandalisation of Jhelum in full swing

Srinagar, Jan 5 : In blatant violation of environmental norms and public outcry, construction of Skewed bridge across river Jhelum here is going on at a full swing.

The under-construction bridge has taken sheen off the Jhelum and The Bund— a heritage walkway developed by British.

Notwithstanding massive outcry by concerned environmentalists, engineers and civil society groups, Government has expedited work on the controversial bridge which has marred beauty of Jhelum and The Bund.
Estimated at Rs 10 crore, work on the 170-meter Bridge from Convent crossing to General Post Office (GPO) on The Bund, started in May this year. It is being constructed by the Jammu and Kashmir Projects Construction Corporation (JKPCC).

As the Convent Crossing and the GPO do not fall in a straight line, the bridge will come up as a skewed concrete monstrous structure.
An on-the-spot assessment revealed that pilling work from the Convent crossing site is being undertaken near two towering Chinars in violation of norms. According to experts, there should be no construction within 50 metres around a Chinar tree to prevent damage to it.

From The Bund side, JKPCC workers are undertaking massive pilling works affecting serene beauty of the spot.

Deafening sound of excavators and mixers, coupled with flow of unending number of tippers have affected serene environs of The Bund.

“The Skewed bridge is in contravention of Master Plan and environmental norms. The Government did not take stakeholders and concerned departments on board before starting the construction. Before construction of any project particularly bridges, Environment Impact Assessment and traffic flow studies have to be undertaken. But in case of Skewed Bridge, all norms were flouted,” a senior official privy to the issue told Greater Kashmir.

“In view of ever-growing public outcry, JKPCC has expedited work on the bridge. After completion, this bridge will add to the traffic congestion in the summer capital particularly in Residency Road and Rajbagh,” he said.

A number of heritage buildings mostly housing traditional Kashmiri handicrafts are situated along The Bund.

“This picturesque heritage spot has been vandalized. During Maharaja’s rule, The Bund was a favorite haunt of foreign tourists. It was strictly restricted for walking. One day in 1946, I traveled through The Bund on a cycle. I was instantly fined Rs 15.

Ironically now The Bund has been vandalized by none other than the Government,” said Prof Ghulam Ali Wani, 85, of Jawahar Nagar.

“Combination of majestic Chinars and view of river Jhelum was main attraction of tourists. Even Maharaja Hari Singh used to occasionally walk through The Bund. Owing to its beauty, the stretch from The Bund to Shivpora was known as European Quarters. Unplanned development and politics have taken sheen off this stretch particularly The Bund,” Prof Ghulam Ali said.  
Pointing toward the under-construction Skewed bridge, Ghulam Mohi-ud-Din who works at a photo shop along The Bund, said it used to bustle with foreign tourists.

“They used to sit along the banks of Jhelum for hours together and enjoy breeze of chinars and gushing waters of Jhelum. This concrete bridge has been robbed this serene place of its unmatched beauty,” he said.

Noted poet and chairman Valley Citizens Council Zarief Ahmad Zarief who had resented construction of a bridge near The Bund in ‘80s, termed the Skewed bridge as an eyesore.

Zarief said in ‘80s, the then government led by GM Shah has proposed to set up a colony for his ministers near the Institute of Hotel Management. Zarief said due to public outcry, the proposal was shelved and Raj Bagh and its adjoining areas were declared as green belt.

“Few years later Dr Farooq Abdullah took over as CM and started construction of a bridge near The Bund. We fought against it tooth and nail. After spending nearly Rs 16 lakhs on construction of pillars, Government shelved the project,” Zarief said.

Zarief said besides affecting ecology of the area, the Skewed bridge would be detrimental for female students of a missionary school at Raj Bagh.

When contacted General Manager JKPCC Muhammad Sultan Najar refused to comment over the issue saying he has recently taken assumed office. “I am yet to ascertain details about the project,” he said.

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Lolab stream turns into garbage dump

Kupwara, Jan 5 : Lolab stream, considered to be lifeline of Lolab and Kupwara area, is marred by extensive pollution and has become a garbage dumping site.

 From a distance Lolab stream flowing through the foothills of snow capped mountains and thick forests of famed Deodar and Kail presents a scintillating look but when one approaches it he is greeted by the foul smell emanating from the heaps of garbage and filth scattered all over its  banks.

 Banks of this stream have been virtually turned into a dumping ground by locals and traders. Large heaps of garbage from different localities of Kupwara town are dumped on the banks of Lolab stream shrinking its space and making its water the source of infections and diseases.

 “Earlier people would sit for hours on the banks of this Nallah, which originates from Luv Naag in Lalpora (Lolab)  and flows through the town. It used to add to the beauty of the area in a great way. Now the stream has become filthy,” said Ghulam Muhammad an elderly man.

 While pointing towards the litter lying scattered on its banks he said, “Carcasses of animals, cow dung and waste from hotels of town and disposals of health centers are dumped into the Nallah making it filthier.”

 “Even if some animal dies it is brought here and dumped into the river in broad day light. The river has virtually
 turned into a garbage-dumping site mostly right from higher secondary school Kupwara to the Moughalpora Bridge,” he added.

The Irrigation and Flood Control department entrusted with conservation of this stream has been vested with executive powers to act against people polluting it. Ironically, the department has been acting as a mute spectator to this pollution.

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‘Night soil of 60000 latrines goes into open drains’

Jammu, Jan 5 : Night soil of over 60 thousand latrines is disposed into open drains without any sewage treatment in held Jammu and Kashmir, according to figures released by state's Directorate of Census Operation.

The recently released 2011 census report reveals that night soil of 64,479 latrines out of total 20,15,088 households in the state is disposed into open drains.

Srinagar and Jammu topped the list with 33799 and 6356 latrines respectively, whose night soil is disposed into open drains, the figures said.

While urban and rural Srinagar district constituted 33,449 and 350 such latrines respectively, urban and rural Jammu district constituted 6,071 and 285 such latrines respectively.

It was followed by Anantnag district which has 5,495 such latrines, 4803 in Baramulla district, 2,269 latrines in Kupwara district, 2,200 latrines in Doda, 1,779 in Budgam district, 1,625 in Bandipora district, 1,109 in Kishtwar district and 864 in Rajouri district.

Similarly, 729 in Kathua district, 687 in Kulgam district, 664 in Pulwama district, 338 in Poonch district, 298 in Udhampur district, 256 in Shopian district, 207 in Ganderbal district, 172 in Ramban district, 167 in Reasi district, lowest 53 and 37 such latrines in Leh and Kargil districts respectively.

The census further said that while 54,167 such latrines fall in the urban areas of held Jammu and Kashmir, 10,312 fall in rural areas of Jammu and Kashmir.

Comparing the figures of J&K state, it said that there are 164 latrines with night soil disposed in open drains in Chandigarh, 3,069 in Himachal Pradesh, 28,274 in Punjab and 32,432 in Haryana.

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Self-regulation of the immune system suppresses defense against cancer

Islamabad, Jan 5 : Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are part of the body's immune system, downregulate the activity of other immune cells, thus preventing the development of autoimmune diseases or allergies.

Scientists at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) have now found the activation steps that are blocked by Tregs in immune cells. Since Tregs can also suppress the body's immune defense against cancer, the findings obtained by the DKFZ researchers are important for developing more efficient cancer treatments.

It is vital that the body's own immune system does not overreact. If its key players, the helper T cells, get out of control, this can lead to autoimmune diseases or allergies. An immune system overreaction against infectious agents may even directly damage organs and tissues.

Immune cells called regulatory T cells ("Tregs") ensure that immune responses take place in a coordinated manner: They downregulate the dividing activity of helper T cells and reduce their production of immune mediators.

"This happens through direct contact between regulatory cell and helper cell," says Prof. Peter Krammer of DKFZ. "But we didn't know yet what this contact actually causes in helper cells." The researchers' hypothesis was that the contact with the Tregs affects certain steps in the complex signaling cascade that leads to the activation of the helper T cells.

If the T cell receptor, a sensor molecule on the surface of helper cells, senses foreign or damaged protein molecules, this will trigger a cascade of biochemical activation reactions. At the end of this signaling cascade, genes that are required for an immune attack will be read in the nucleus of helper cells.

Jointly with colleagues from several German research institutes, Peter Krammer, Angelika Schmidt and co-workers have now compared the signaling cascades in helper cells with and without contact to Tregs.

The immunologists found out that a short contact of the two types of cells in the culture dish is sufficient to suppress the helper cells. Following Treg contact, the typical release of calcium ions into the plasma of helper cells does not occur.

As a result, two important transcription factors, NFkappaB and NFAT, do no longer function. They normally activate genes for immune mediators, thus alerting the immune system.

"The mode of action of Tregs is of great importance for cancer medicine. Many of our colleagues have shown in various types of cancer that Tregs can downregulate the immune response against tumors so that transformed cells escape the immune defense. This can contribute to the development and spread of cancer. We are therefore searching for ways to reactivate such suppressed helper cells," said Krammer, explaining the goals of his work. For developing immune therapies against cancer it is also crucial to understand how Tregs work. The researchers are trying to prevent that immune cells which have been painstakingly activated against cancer in the culture dish are immediately suppressed again by Tregs.

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Viagra against heart failure: Researchers throw light on the mechanism

Islamabad, Jan 5 : How sildenafil, the active ingredient in Viagra, can alleviate heart problems is reported by Bochum's researchers in cooperation with colleagues from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester (Minnesota) in the journal Circulation.

They studied dogs with diastolic heart failure, a condition in which the heart chamber does not sufficiently fill with blood. The scientists showed that sildenafil makes stiffened cardiac walls more elastic again. The drug activates an enzyme that causes the giant protein titin in the myocardial cells to relax.

"We have developed a therapy in an animal model that, for the first time, also raises hopes for the successful treatment of patients" says Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Linke of the RUB Institute of Physiology.

"Rubber band proteins" can be influenced

Sildenafil inhibits a specific enzyme (phosphodiesterase 5 A), which causes the increased formation of a messenger substance (cGMP). The messenger substance activates the enzyme protein kinase G, which attaches phosphate groups to certain proteins. This so-called phosphorylation causes blood vessels to relax, which was why the "potency pill" Viagra originally came onto the market.

The Bochum and Rochester researchers found that the cardiac muscle protein titin is also phosphorylated through the same mechanism. "The titin molecules are similar to rubber bands" explains the Bochum physiologist. "They contribute decisively to the stiffness of the cardiac walls." The activity of the protein kinase G causes titin to relax. This makes the cardiac walls more elastic. The effect occurs within minutes of administering the drug.

"Of all the patients aged over 60 who are in hospital because of a weak heart, half suffer from diastolic heart failure" explains Linke. "Although we know that the decreased distensibility of the cardiac walls is the cause, the disease cannot be treated properly with today's medicines."

In the so-called "Relax" study of the Heart Failure Network, the efficacy of sildenafil in people is already being tested. "If, for the first time, the drug is found to have a positive effect on heart failure, we would already have a molecular mechanism on hand to explain the effect" says Linke.

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Oxidative DNA damage repair

Islamabad, Jan 5 : Oxidative stress damages DNA. Researchers in the Vetsuisse Faculty have now decoded the mechanism that repairs DNA damaged in this way.

This repair mechanism could lead to less invasive approaches in cancer therapy and contribute to the development of new tests for the early diagnosis of cancer.

Oxidative stress is the cause of many serious diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, arteriosclerosis and diabetes. It occurs when the body is exposed to excessive amounts of electrically charged, aggressive oxygen compounds.

These are normally produced during breathing and other metabolic processes, but also in the case of ongoing stress, exposure to UV light or X-rays. If the oxidative stress is too high, it overwhelms the body's natural defences. The aggressive oxygen compounds destroy genetic material, resulting in what are referred to as harmful 8-oxo-guanine base mutations in the DNA.

DNA repair mechanism decoded

Together with the University of Oxford, Enni Markkanen, a veterinarian in the working group of Prof. Ulrich Hübscher from the Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Zurich has decoded and characterized the repair mechanism for the mutated DNA bases.

This mechanism efficiently copies thousands of 8-oxo-guanines without their harmful mutations, thus normally preventing the negative consequences of 8-oxo-guanine damage. In their study, published in "PNAS," the researchers outline the detailed processes involved in the local and temporal coordination of this repair mechanism. Prof. Ulrich Hübscher hopes that this basic research can be used therapeutically.

"We expect that the DNA repair mechanism discovered here will lead to less invasive approaches in cancer therapy and that it will be possible to develop new clinical tests for the early detection of certain types of cancer."

In cooperation with University Hospital Zurich, a study is already underway that involves examining samples of different types of cancer for the repair gene and its regulation.

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